This map highlights many of the important locations in Egypt during biblical times. Memphis (located south of modern-day Cairo) was the capital of the Egyptian Old Kingdom and was succeeded by Thebes in later times. Alexander the Great founded Alexandria in 331 B.C.E., and the city quickly became an important center for culture and education in the Hellenistic world. A very large Jewish population developed here, and Alexandria is known as the birthplace of the Greek version of the Bible called the Septuagint (LXX). In addition, Amarna, Nag Hammadi, and Elephantine are all significant Egyptian archaeological sites that have yielded texts relevant to the study of ancient Judaism and Christianity.
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